Understanding the Distinction: FPO vs FSSAI

In the labyrinth of regulations governing the food industry in India, two crucial entities often take center stage – the Food Processing Order (FPO) and the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). While both play pivotal roles in ensuring the safety and quality of food products, they serve distinct purposes and operate under different frameworks. This blog aims to unravel the intricacies of FPO and FSSAI, shedding light on their respective roles, functions, and how they contribute to the overall governance of the Indian food sector.

Food Processing Order (FPO)

1. Formation and Background:

Formation: The Food Processing Order (FPO) was introduced in 1955 under the Essential Commodities Act.
Objective: FPO primarily focuses on regulating the processing and production of certain essential commodities, ensuring their quality and safety.

2. Regulatory Scope:

Covered Commodities: FPO covers essential food items such as milk and milk products, edible oils, and other commodities specified by the government.
Processing Standards: It sets standards for the processing, packaging, and labeling of these commodities.

3. Licensing and Registration:

Mandatory Compliance: Entities involved in the processing of commodities under FPO must obtain licenses or registrations to ensure compliance with the prescribed standards.
Enforcement: Enforcement is carried out by designated authorities at the state and central levels.

4. Compliance Mechanism:

Government Oversight: FPO compliance is overseen by government authorities to ensure adherence to quality and safety standards.
Inspections: Regular inspections are conducted to verify compliance with processing standards.

Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI):

1. Formation and Background:

Formation: FSSAI was established in 2006 under the Food Safety and Standards Act.
Objective: FSSAI’s primary goal is to consolidate various food laws and establish a single reference point for all matters related to food safety and standards.

2. Regulatory Scope:

Comprehensive Jurisdiction: FSSAI has a broader jurisdiction covering all types of food products, including processed foods, beverages, and food additives.
Standardization: It sets comprehensive standards for food products to ensure their safety, quality, and nutritional value.

3. Licensing and Registration:

Mandatory Compliance: FSSAI mandates licensing and registration for food businesses, including manufacturers, traders, and distributors.
Centralized Authority: FSSAI operates as a centralized authority, streamlining the licensing process.

4. Compliance Mechanism:

Stringent Oversight: FSSAI ensures stringent oversight of the entire food supply chain, from production to distribution.
Surveillance and Enforcement: Regular surveillance, inspections, and enforcement actions are conducted to maintain food safety standards.

Conclusion:
While both the Food Processing Order (FPO) and the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) play crucial roles in regulating the food industry, they operate in distinct spheres. FPO focuses on specific essential commodities, laying down processing standards and ensuring quality, while FSSAI takes a more comprehensive approach, covering a wide range of food products and establishing unified standards for safety and quality. Understanding the distinction between these two entities is essential for businesses in the food sector to ensure compliance with the relevant regulations and contribute to a safer and healthier food ecosystem in India.